Nutrition in Plants Notes for Class 5th to 10th

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Nutrition in Plants का ये Notes एकअनुभवी शिक्षक Mr. Sanjeev Sinha के द्वारा बनाया गया है जो बेहद आसान शब्दो मे आपके सामने English भाषा मे Nutrition ,Photosynthesis Stomata ,Lichens etc के बारे मे विस्तार से जानकारी साझा कर रहे है। आप इस Article को हिन्दी मे भी पढ़ सकते है उसके लिए आपको इस website के Top पर Hindi और English के option को चुन कर अपनी भाषा बदल सकते है भाषा का चुनाव करने के बाद इस पोस्ट मे सभी Hindi वाक्य English और सभी English वाक्य Hindi मे बदल जाएगी ।

This Notes is Prepared By →Mr. Sanjeev Sinha ( B.Ed ,Msc)

Presented & Editing By →Angesh Upadhyay (Knowledge Panel)

Food

The Substance broken down by Chemical processes in the body of an organism to give energy that is called food.

Components of food are (These components of food are Called Nutrients)

• Carbohydrates
• Fats
• Proteins
• Vitamins and Minerals

What is Nutrition

The process by which food is taken in by an organism and used by its body is called nutrition Plants require two types of nutrients- macronutrients and micronutrients. Macronutrients include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulphur. The micronutrients include boron, chlorine, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc.

What is the main nutrition in plants?

Soil is a major source of nutrients needed by plants for growth. The three main nutrients are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Together they make up the trio known as NPK. Other important nutrients are calcium, magnesium and sulfur.

Mode of Nutrition

There are two main modes of nutrition –

1. Autotrophic Nutrition
2. Heterotrophic Nutrition

What is Autotrophic Nutrition

The mode of nutrition in which an organism makes its own food is called Autotrophic nutrition

Note

Organisms that follow the autotrophic mode of nutrition are called Autotrophic

Example – All green plants and some bacteria etc

What is Heterotrophic Nutrition

The mode of Nutrition in which an organism depends on other organism for food is called heterotrophic nutrition.

Note 

Organism that follow heterotrophic mode of nutrition are called heterotrophs

Example

Cows, buffaloes, tiger, Horse,humans etc.

Types of Heterotrophic Nutrition.

1. Saprophytic Nutrition
2. Parasitic Nutrition
3. Holozoic Nutrition

Saprophytic Nutrition

The mode of nutrition in which organism obtain its food from decaying organic matter of dead plants, animals, rotten bread etc for example – Mushroom, yeast

Parasitic nutrition

It is that nutrition in which an organism derives its food from the body of another organism without Killing it.

Note

The organism which obtain is obtain of called parasite The organism from whose body food is obtained is called host.

Example

Roundworm , Plasmodium

Holozoic nutrition

It is that nutrition in which an organism takes the complex Organism food material into the body by process of ingestion, the ingested food is digested and then absorbed into body cells.

Example

Man, cat, dog, frog, fish etc.

According to the mode of nutrition Heterotrophic plants are classified as:

Type of Heterotrophic plants

1. Parasitic Plant
2. Insectivorous Plant
3. Saprophytic Plants
4. Symbiotic Plants

Parasitic Plants

A parasitic plant is one that partially or completely depends on another plant for nutrition.

Example

Cuscutta (dodder) and on it in mistletoe

A parasitic plant, Rafflesia, bears the world’s largest flower. The flowers have five petals and may have diameter of up to 106cm and weight up to 10kg.

Insectivorous Plants

Insectivorous Plants are the ones that derive some of most of their nutrients by trapping and consuming animals, mainly insects.

Note

These plants mostly grow in places where the soil is deficient in certain nutrients (Ex- nitrogen)

Example

The Venus fly trap , pitcher plant, sun dew and bladder worst

Saprophytic plant

A saprophytic plant is one that obtains its nutrients from dead and decaying plant iand animal matter

Note

It is usually whitish, but some plants can have brightly colored flower

Example

The Indian Pipe and coral root

Symbiotic plants

In this mode of Heterotrophic nutrition , Two different organism live together and benefit each other.

Example

Lichen and Algae

Note

The relationship between two different organisms , in which they mutually benefited to each others is called Symbosis

Photosynthesis

The process of using the energy of light to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen. is called photosynthesis.




Photosynthesis is a process by which is green plants prepare their own food using carbon dioxide and water in the
presence of Chlorophyll and sunlight

carbon dioxide + water → (sunlight/Chlorophyll) →glucose(sugar) + Oxygen

6 CO2 + 6 H2O→ (Sunlight/chlorophyll)→C6 H12 O6 +6 02→ Carbon water

Note → The term photosynthesis was at the term photosynthesis was coined by Charles Reid Barnes

Condition Necessary for Photosynthesis

• The general conditions necessary photosynthesis are
• The presence of a green pigment called chlorophyll
• The presence of light
• The availability of carbon dioxide
• The availability of water

Pigment

A naturally occurring Substance that gives a particular color son of ball to a plant or an animal part.

Stomata

Stomata are tiny pones or opening on the surface of a leaf

Function of Stomata

• It helps in the transpiration of water
• They help in exchange for gases.
• It maintain the moisture balance according to weather by opening and closing.

What is Lichens

Lichens are a complex life form that is a symbiotic partnership of two separate organisms, a fungus and an alga

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